President John Mahama has assented to the controversial Tribunals Bill, 2026, making it law. This decision reintroduces Regional and District Tribunals into Ghana's judicial system under Article 126 of the 1992 Constitution. The move comes despite fierce opposition from the Minority in Parliament, organised labour, and former Vice President Dr. Mahamudu Bawumia.
The legislation aims to create a reformed tribunal system operating alongside traditional courts. It includes constitutional backing and safeguards for due process and human rights. Parliament passed the bill on July 16, 2026, after a heated debate where the Minority walked out. The Minority Leader, Alexander Afenyo-Markin, had argued that Ghana's existing judicial architecture was not broken.
This new law significantly alters Ghana's justice delivery landscape. It introduces a parallel system that critics fear could be misused. The government, however, maintains the law will modernise the tribunal system and improve access to justice. It also seeks to provide specialised adjudication for specific case categories.
Former Vice President Dr. Mahamudu Bawumia had publicly urged President Mahama to withhold his assent. In a televised address on July 19, he stated, "Mr President, do not sign this Bill. Pause, and let the nation talk." Bawumia questioned the government's decision to proceed before publishing the Constitution Review Committee's report. This report reportedly recommended removing Regional Tribunals from the Constitution.
The Minority Caucus had raised several objections to the bill. They argued it creates a parallel justice system not fully aligned with the Constitution. They also objected to Clause 4, which allows a three-member panel with one lawyer as chairperson and two non-lawyers. The Minority warned that non-lawyers should not judge criminal matters. They also referenced Ghana's past experience during the PNDC era, suggesting the system could target individuals.
The government insists the bill addresses gaps in Ghana's legal framework for tribunals. It aims to remove historical stigma and promote efficient justice administration. The Ghana Bar Association and other legal stakeholders are expected to monitor the law's implementation closely. The Minority had previously warned they might seek judicial intervention if the President signed the bill. This indicates potential legal challenges ahead.
The reintroduction of these tribunals could impact the efficiency and public perception of justice in Ghana. Businesses and citizens alike will watch how this new system integrates with existing courts. The law's practical application will determine its success in improving access to justice. It will also show whether it addresses the concerns raised by its opponents.
The debate surrounding the Tribunals Bill highlights ongoing tensions regarding judicial reform. It also underscores the importance of public confidence in legal institutions. The coming months will reveal the full implications of this significant legislative change. Stakeholders will assess its impact on Ghana's rule of law and economic stability.