Ghana needs a modern engineering solution to combat Accra's persistent flooding. The city's current flood management relies on methods like desilting drains and demolishing structures. These measures have proven insufficient against the scale of the problem. An integrated approach, similar to Malaysia's successful SMART Tunnel, is recommended.
Accra experiences severe flooding annually. This causes destruction, disrupts daily life, and leads to tragic loss of life. The June 3, 2015 disaster near Kwame Nkrumah Circle, which killed over 150 people, highlighted these dangers. Despite significant investments in drainage and demolition, the problem continues. Many communities remain vulnerable to heavy rains. The existing infrastructure cannot handle current runoff volumes. Rapid urbanisation outpaces infrastructure development. Extensive paving reduces natural water absorption. Poor waste disposal blocks drains further. Climate change increases rainfall intensity.
Kuala Lumpur faced similar flood crises in the past. Rapid growth increased impermeable surfaces. Rivers frequently overflowed during storms. Traditional drainage upgrades were not enough. The Malaysian government implemented the Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART) Project. Completed in 2007, it cost USD 450 million. This project created the world's first dual-purpose tunnel. It serves both as a motorway and a flood diversion channel. The 9.7-kilometre tunnel eases traffic congestion. It also channels excess stormwater away from flood-prone areas. During severe storms, it functions solely as a flood outlet. This prevented significant economic losses and protected the city.
Dr. Noriss K. Hammah, the source of this analysis, argues for such integrated solutions. He notes that simply removing structures on waterways is not enough. "Even if every unauthorised structure on waterways were removed today, Accra would still experience significant flooding," he states. This requires modern infrastructure capable of managing large quantities of stormwater. These innovative solutions can address multiple urban challenges simultaneously. The Malaysian experience offers valuable lessons for Ghana.
Adopting a SMART Tunnel system could significantly enhance Accra's resilience. It would reduce the economic burden of floods. It would also improve the quality of life for residents. Decision-makers must consider long-term, integrated engineering solutions. This shift is crucial for sustainable urban development. Continuous investment in conventional methods alone will not suffice.