Ghana has officially affirmed its readiness to adopt nuclear power, marking a significant step towards diversifying its national energy mix. This commitment aims to secure reliable and affordable electricity, essential for the nation's ongoing industrialisation efforts.
The declaration comes as Ghana progresses through Phase Two of the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) milestone approach for developing nuclear power infrastructure. Key activities, including site studies, institutional strengthening, and stakeholder engagement, are already at advanced stages. This strategic move is critical as Ghana seeks to meet its rising electricity demand, which has surged from 300 megawatts (MW) at the Akosombo Dam's commissioning to approximately 4,500 MW currently.
This push for nuclear energy fits into Ghana's broader economic strategy to ensure energy security and reduce dependence on thermal sources, which currently dominate the generation capacity. Diversifying the energy portfolio with nuclear power, alongside natural gas and renewables, is seen as a vital pillar for sustained economic growth. It also aligns with global efforts to transition to low-carbon energy sources, supporting Ghana's environmental commitments.
Mr. Emmanuel Armah-Kofi Buah, the Minister of Lands and Natural Resources and Acting Minister for Environment, Science and Technology, stated, "Ghana has moved beyond aspiration and is prepared to pursue nuclear power." He emphasised the importance of developing human capacity alongside physical infrastructure, noting that "Human capacity in itself is infrastructure." This highlights the government's understanding that a successful nuclear programme requires a skilled workforce to operate and sustain it.
The adoption of nuclear power carries significant implications for Ghana's economic future. It promises to provide a stable baseload power supply, reducing the volatility associated with other energy sources and potentially lowering electricity costs for industries and consumers. Decision-makers will closely monitor the progress of the 123 Agreement with the United States, which is crucial for peaceful nuclear cooperation and technology transfer. The successful implementation of this programme could attract substantial foreign investment and create numerous high-skilled jobs, further boosting economic development.
Mr. John Jinapor, the Minister of Energy and Green Transition, underscored nuclear power's "cardinal" role in Ghana's energy strategy. He highlighted the country's determination to integrate nuclear capacity into the national generation mix to provide reliable, low-carbon, and affordable electricity. This integration is expected to support Ghana's industrial ambitions by ensuring a consistent power supply, a common challenge for many developing economies.
International support is also a key factor. Dr. Michael Goff, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for the US Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy, confirmed the United States' commitment to assisting Ghana. The US has partnered with Nuclear Power Ghana to establish a Regional Energy Training Centre in Accra. This centre provides crucial training and technical exchanges covering various aspects of nuclear technology, including reactor operations, cybersecurity, and quality assurance. This partnership aims to build lasting institutional capacity in Africa.
Industry leaders have also voiced their support. Dr. Humphrey Ayim-Darke, the past President of the Association of Ghana Industries (AGI), called for the nuclear power programme to be treated as a strategic national project. He stressed the need for sustained investment, strong institutional commitment, and collaboration among all stakeholders. Similarly, Mr. Joshua Ansah, General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress, pledged the Union's support, recognising the potential for job creation and improved energy security. A successful nuclear programme could transform Ghana's industrial landscape, creating a more robust and resilient economy.