Ghana recorded 134 suicide deaths in 2024, marking a significant 40 percent increase from the previous year. This alarming rise underscores a critical public health challenge, with mental health experts pointing to a pervasive culture of silence among men as a key contributing factor.
The belief that men must always appear strong and emotionally unshaken prevents many from speaking about stress, depression, and other mental health challenges. Expressions such as 'Barima nsu' (men do not cry) and "man up" have fostered an environment where men hide their struggles and delay seeking professional support. This societal pressure exacerbates mental health issues, leading to more severe outcomes.
This trend fits into a broader national concern regarding mental health access and awareness. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 2.3 million Ghanaians live with various mental health conditions. A significant number of these individuals lack access to appropriate treatment, highlighting systemic gaps in healthcare provision. The WHO Ghana STEPS Survey (2023) further revealed that 6.4 percent of men experience moderate to severe depression, while 3.1 percent of men aged between 18 and 69 had seriously considered attempting suicide within the previous 12 months. These figures paint a stark picture of the mental health landscape in Ghana.
Samuel Cudjoe Hanu, Acting Head of Research at the Ghana Mental Health Authority, emphasized the urgency of addressing this issue. He stated, "Men also go through emotional pain. They experience stress, anxiety and depression, but many are afraid to speak because society expects them to remain strong. When men are stressed, they should speak up. Silence is not an option." Mr. Hanu made these remarks at a mental health outreach program organized by Mental Health 4 Men (M4M Ghana) for the Men's Fellowship of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church, New Abossey Okai Congregation, Mataheko, on July 12.
The implications of this culture of silence are profound, affecting not only individuals but also families and communities. Untreated mental health conditions can lead to decreased productivity, strained relationships, and, in severe cases, suicide. Decision-makers and healthcare providers must respond with increased funding for mental health services and targeted public awareness campaigns. The Ghana Mental Health Authority's toll-free helpline, 0800 678 678, offers a crucial resource for individuals seeking support, but broader societal change is needed to destigmatize mental health discussions among men. Continued efforts by organizations like M4M Ghana are vital to fostering safe spaces where men can openly discuss their emotional struggles without fear of judgment.
The outreach program by M4M Ghana, a campaign project by Master of Arts Development Communication students of the University of Media, Arts and Communication (UniMAC-IJ), aimed to increase awareness and encourage early intervention. Such initiatives are critical for reducing the impact of mental illness in communities across Ghana. Addressing the stigma associated with mental health and expanding educational efforts will be crucial steps in reversing the alarming trend of rising suicide rates and improving overall mental well-being for Ghanaian men.